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11
2019
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04
The most important surface treatment process for electroplated automobiles.
Author:
As people’s living standards continue to improve, China’s automotive industry is experiencing a remarkably rapid development trend. The number of vehicles in circulation has been increasing year after year, and at the same time, the demands for vehicle safety performance are becoming ever higher. A car is composed of thousands—or even tens of thousands—of individual parts, which are assembled into components or subassemblies. These components and subassemblies are then interconnected to form a complete vehicle. It is not uncommon for improper assembly of parts to result in severe corrosion or damage to those parts. Therefore, automotive manufacturers have no choice but to employ electroplating technology to prevent corrosion of automotive parts. Cars also utilize electroplating for decorative and aesthetic purposes.
As people’s living standards continue to improve, China’s automotive industry is experiencing a remarkably rapid development trend. The number of vehicles in circulation has been increasing year by year, and at the same time, demands for vehicle safety performance are becoming ever higher.
A car is assembled from thousands, even tens of thousands, of individual parts. These parts are combined in pairs to form subassemblies or complete assemblies, which in turn are connected to one another to create a fully functional vehicle. It is not uncommon for improper assembly of these parts to result in severe corrosion or damage. Consequently, automotive manufacturers have no choice but to rely on electroplating technology to prevent corrosion of automotive parts. To achieve decorative and aesthetic purposes, protect parts from rust, and impart specific functional properties to them, automobiles frequently depend on electroplating. Aside from painting, electroplating can be considered the most important surface treatment technology for automobiles.
Electroplating on automobiles can be broadly categorized into three types: protective-decorative coatings, protective coatings, and functional coatings.
1. Protective decorative coating
Available in a wide variety of colors, these are primarily used in automotive logos, radiator grilles, bumpers, door handles, window frames, wheel hubs, or ashtrays, among other components. After electroplating, the surface must exhibit a bright luster and uniform, harmonious color tones, with exquisite craftsmanship. Additionally, the coating must demonstrate excellent corrosion resistance. For passenger cars, protective decorative coatings must... It won't discolor or corrode for 5 to 10 years. Therefore, its plating requirements are higher than those in industries such as electronics, machinery, hardware, and light industry.
2. Protective Coating
It is also known as corrosion-resistant plating. Unlike protective and decorative coatings, it does not have such stringent requirements for appearance, but it does demand that the parts themselves possess excellent corrosion resistance. Such platings include zinc plating, cadmium plating, lead plating, as well as zinc alloys and lead alloys. Protective zinc plating accounts for a significant portion of the total surface area of automotive electroplating. For 70% to 80% of small and medium-sized stamped parts on automobiles—and even for some larger stamped parts—standard components are almost always galvanized. This makes galvanizing an important plating process in the automotive electroplating industry. In addition, parts that come into contact with batteries must be coated with a lead or lead-alloy plating layer to resist corrosion by sulfuric acid.
3. Functional Coatings
For example:
( 1) To improve the weldability of part surfaces, there are tin plating, copper plating, and lead-tin plating; (2) To enhance the hardness and wear resistance of metal surfaces, there are hard chrome plating, porous chrome plating, hard anodizing of aluminum, thick nickel plating, and nickel-phosphorus alloy plating; (3) To restore part dimensions, there are iron plating and chrome plating; (4) To improve the electrical conductivity of metals, there is silver plating; (5) To enhance the self-lubricating properties of bearing bushings, there are lead-tin plating and lead-tin-copper plating; (6) To prevent carburization, there is copper plating. In addition to the above, surface treatment technologies such as steel oxidation, oxidation of aluminum and aluminum alloys, mold electroplating, plastic electroplating, and metal surface coloring are also widely used in automotive applications.
Electroplating in the automotive industry differs from electroplating in other industries because certain automotive components are critical to product safety and reliability—and even more crucially, they directly affect whether or not automotive accidents will occur. Therefore, during the manufacturing process, the automotive industry should select electroplating service providers that possess appropriate qualifications, strong capabilities, and extensive experience.
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